be between 900mm and 1100mm above the floor or the nosing of a stair tread. Riser height – 9. Rauchut, This is in response to your letter of July 18, 2017, requesting the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) to address a specific question of whether any safety factor is required in the design of handrails and top rails. OSHA REGULATIONS for TEMPORARY STAIRS & RAILINGS; OSHA REGULATIONS for STAIR RAILINGS & GUARDRAILS; OSHA 1926. A stair rail does not necessarily require a handrail. Handrails shall be permitted to be interrupted by a newel post at the turn. The IBC defines the various design requirements for handrails, providing clear and concise specifications. Learn how to comply with the OSHA requirements for the height of handrail and top rail of a stair rail system, which vary depending on the installation date of the system. Unprotected openings in roofs could, therefore, be cited under the general duty clause of the Occupational. 31, 2017 is 42 inches. Balusters. The height of the stair rails should not be less than 34 inches and should not exceed 38 inches from. • Handrails are a support aid when using stairs. One stair rail system each open side. The employer must ensure: ( i) Each employee on a scaffold is protected from falling in accordance 29 CFR part 1926, subpart L; and. - 08/30/1999. Handrail ends shall be returned to a wall, guard or the walking surface or shall be continuous to the handrail of an adjacent stair flight. 23 that addresses stair railings is subsection (e) (2) and not (e) (1). • Handrails are required to: – be between 900mm and 1100mm above the floor or the nosing of a stair treadHandrail gripping surface shall be mounted between 34” and 38” with railing height above stair nosings; The ends of the handrails should be rounded or returned smoothly to the floor; The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) was created to assure safe and healthful working conditions for employees. For stair rail systems installed on or after January 17, 2017, the top rail and handrail must be separate. 24. Also, OSHA determined that it was appropriate to adopt the one and one-half clearance required. O. 24 for the safe design and construction of fixed general industrial stairs. Sep 10, 2012. With the help of the members of NADRA, the 2022 edition of the International Residential Code (IRC) is now officially complete and ready for printing. Also, OSHA determined that it was appropriate to adopt. 500 (f) (l) (vi) provides for the utilization of types, sizes and arrangements of railing construction provided they meet the conditions established in sub-paragraph a thru d. Handrails shall have a clear space between the handrail and a wall or other surface of at least 1 ½ inches. §3214. 2. 17, 2017, must be at least 30 inches from the leading edge of the stair tread to the top surface of the top rail, while those installed on or after Jan. Use internal couplings, Type 18-7, to maintain continuity. 5”. Open sides of stairs require a stair rail, sometimes with a handrail ("stair rail system with handrail"), and (per the current text of the table) sometimes without ("stair rail system"). OSHA Requirements for standard stairs 1910. DEPARTMENT OF HOUSING AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT Page 4 of 14 DEFICIENCY 1 – OUTSIDE: HANDRAIL IS MISSING. The IBC requires a guard to be 42 inches tall, with Handrails falling between 34 and 38 inches. The Agency believes that scaffold stairways present a serious fall hazard. Equipto offers two styles of OSHA complaint stairways. Intermediate vertical members: Must be installed no more than 19 inches apart. 42156 - Handrail specifications. The fundamental differences here that should be pointed out are the differences in allowable height and loading capacity. , it cannot reasonably be grasped by hand to provide stability or support when ascending or descending stairways). Handrails shall be at a consistent height above walking surfaces, stair nosings, and ramp surfaces. If there are more than four stairs in a stairway, they must have fixed railings. 8:A ship's ladder must have toe clearance of 7 inches unless the nature of the work requires a lesser clearance; 4. Since many employers installed new railings at that height, OSHA is proposing to expand the height range by allowing a railing of 30 to 38 inches. SPS 321. Handrail Height. 5 inch. Handrails and the top rails of stairrail systems shall be capable of withstanding, without failure, a force of at least 200 pounds (890 n) applied within 2 inches (5 cm) of the top edge, in any downward or outward direction, at any point along the top edge. 26. Strength. Handrails shall be. Summary: Stairways shall have a handrail if the stairway has four or more risers. The International Building Code (IBC) is a model code for commercial construction that provides minimum requirements to safeguard the public health, safety, and general welfare of the occupants of new and existing buildings and structures. 6]OSHA set the design requirements for alternating tread stairs included teil 1910. The final rule could appear in late 2021 or early. This is because for people with balance and mobility issues, leaning on a wall to maintain their balance is simply not a safe way to navigate a stairwell. 1003. You can make your trip up or down a flight of stairs much safer if you remember to use the handrail. _ Stair rails installed after March 15,1991, must be not less than 36 inches (91. g. • Ends must return to wall, post or safety terminalThe requirements of OSHA safety regulations for the safe use of ladders and stairs (Subpart X, Title 29 Code of Federal Regulations, Part. , measured from the line connecting tread nosings—the same as the minimum height for handrails. 1910. Because of the steepness of these stairs, handrails are required at a reduced height of 30 in. Be certain that your vendor has updated their OSHA designs. • On stairways less than 44 inches wide having both sides enclosed, at least one handrail shall be affixed, preferably onrequirements for when handrails and stair rail systems must be present on certain flights of stairs. How many stairs before a handrail is required? A handrail is required for staircases, platforms or landings above 1 metre from the ground. Question 1: Are ship's ladders (also known as ship's stairs) required to meet the fixed ladder requirements in 29 CFR 1910. However, OSHA set the minimum width for stair treads: Standard Stairs – 22 inches (56 cm) Spiral Stairs – 26 inches (66 cm) OSHA 1910. Be certain that your vendor has updated their OSHA designs. Handrails and guardrails. At least one handrail One stair rail system with handrail on open side. 23 (e) (2), you are in compliance with §1910. Enforcement. Vertical height of handrail between 34″-38″. This provides a safe environment and avoids. The agency has received numerous questions asking when handrails are required, and about the height requirements for handrails on stairs and stair rail systems. 2 m). com OSHA published a final rule on walking-working surfaces and personal protective equipment in November 2016 that updated requirements for slip, trip and fall hazards. One stair rail system with handrail on each open side. Items that fall under the safety category relate to the health, sanitary condition, and habitability of the property. The following requirements apply to all stairways as indicated: (c) (1) Stairways having four or more risers or rising more than 30 inches (76 cm), whichever is less, shall be equipped with: (c) (1) (i) At least one handrail; and. Handrails must be “graspable” which means you still cannot use a 2×4 or other shapeless block of wood. Projections into the required width of stairways and ramps at each handrail shall not exceed 41/2 inches (114 mm) at. e. Note that if the stairway is serving as an accessible means. Railings. 24 inches in width, with. For employers who have been doing their best to keep employees safe around. Fixed stairs are in compliance with the standard if the rise and tread run dimensions produce a stairway with an angle to horizontal between 30 and 50 degrees. 5″. 2. HTML PDF. OSHA publishes a. the International Building Code or IBC sets the stair and handrail requirements for public buildings and public spaces. HTML PDF: 296-24-93501: Definitions. RAILINGS open-sided stairs < 44” require 1 stair rail/side; open-sided stairs > 44” require 1 stair rail and 1 separate handrail/side. IBC provisions are more stringent than OSHA provisions, but they are very similar to the material. 2. (1) When the employer uses a designated area, the employer must ensure:. 23 includes requirements for ladders, where OSHA defines handrail requirements on platforms and how high safety railings must be. Handrails must be placed between 34″ and 38″ in height, measuring from the nosing of the stair. A minimum of 27 “width below handrail where handrails are on both sides. 27 do not apply to ship's. Deck stair handrail size varies slightly in New Jersey, in that they mandate handrail diameter to be between 1 ¼” and 2 ⅝”. §1620. If you have a stair open on two sides with a stair width less than 44 inches, it appears as if no handrail is required, just a stair rail (top rail, mid rail toe plate). Requirements for Ladders OSHA has reorganized separate rules for fixed ladders, portable wood ladders and portable. There are also times when having a handrail on just one side of a stairwell will make. Maximum riser height of 9. Oregon OSHA requires that employees at general industry workplaces be protected from falls to a lower level of four feet or more and from any height above dangerous equipment. OSHA’s proposal seeks to clarify two of the standard’s provisions. Chad Holder. References. Question #3: Would fixed stairs with a degree of angle of between 38 degrees and 42 degrees be in compliance with 29 CFR 1910. HTML PDF: 296-24-74015: Handrail, stair rail, and guardrail system requirements. Guard Height Requirements: The absolute minimum height requirement for residential guard railing is 36” in some states, although states (like California) have a minimum of a 42” handrail height. Under OSHA Section 1910. 1. Stair rails installed before Jan. Djkevinpaul. Stairs should have a handrail on at least one side if they are less than one metre wide, and on both sides if wider than this. OSHA published a final rule on walking-working surfaces and personal protective equipment in November 2016 that updated requirements for slip, trip, and fall hazards. Stair tread should be slip-resistant for mezzanine safety. HTML PDF: 296-24-7500: Other working surfaces. 1910. Dennis Gilmore Safety Director Tougher Industries, Inc. The inside handrail should be continuous on switchback or dogleg ramps. ), the platform’s occupancy and use can dictate either IBC or OSHA provisions controlling. The governing requirement for the guarding of ladderway floor openings and platforms is paragraph 1910. safety requirements for workplace walking/working . OSHA has proposed changes to the Walking-Working Surfaces standards to clarify certain requirements related to handrail and stair rail systems. For buildings other than dwellings and for common access. Stair railings. 2 m). The employer must ensure: 1910. 1 A de minimis condition arises when an employer implements a measure different than the one specified in the standard, but the discrepancy has no direct or immediate relationship to employee safety or health. 1, Ex. In other words, you should ensure the surface of the tread isn't slippery. handrails at open stairs: 34-38" above the stairs; Canadian stair handrails: 32-36" above the stairs; Wall clearance: Handrails along a. Residential Interior Stairs Code Requirements. 29 (k) includes standards for “protection from falling objects”. A handrail every 60" of horizontal distance at any place along the stairs. SUBJECT: 1926. 29 (b) (1): The top edge height of top rails, or equivalent guardrail system members, are 42 inches (107 cm), plus or minus 3 inches (8 cm), above the walking-working surface. 5) The step height, also known as the riser height, must be no less than 4 inches and no greater than 7 inches. (c) (1) (ii) One stairrail system along each unprotected side or edge. The safety handrails and guardrails comply with IBC and OSHA railing guidelines for use on landings, platforms, mezzanines and staircases. 500, 23 April 1973 - Excerpt: Since cables or chains are commonly used as barriers or guards on construction projects at floor and wall. 502(b)(3) requires railing systems meet a 200 pound concentrated load test. Osha walking required and requirements for elevated runways and walkways. In order to ensure compliance, the maximum allowable opening between the two handrails needs to be determined. S. All ladders should have guardrails and handrails. Distance between the two stair railings as measured from the two closest edges. 1910. Stair Rails as Handrails. The present Standard, 29 CFR 1910. Also, IBC codes for approved stairs are more set-in-stone than the OSHA rules. Handrails must be placed between 34″ and 38″ in height, measuring from the nosing of the stair. Technical requirements for stairs are covered in 2010 ADA Standard 504. 23(e)(6) states: "All handrails and railings shall be provided with a clearance of not less than 3 inches between the handrail or. The handrail may form the top of a guarding if you can match the heights. Regarding handrails, there are two sets of regulations: OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) and the ADA (Americans with Disabilities Act). To obtain an order form or copies of these codes, address: Department of Consumer & Business Services Oregon Occupational Safety & Health Division (Oregon OSHA) 350 Winter St. If you do go that route, the first place to look for noncompliance is in the guard rail. Stairways less than 44 inches (1118 mm) in width or stairways serving one individual dwelling unit in Group R, Division 1 or 3 Occupancy or a Group R, Division 3 congregate residence may have one handrail. For example, ANSI standard A1264. 5”. (c) Stair rails and handrails. , evidence of prior installation, but now not present or is incomplete). 23(e) - Ladders. 1- 2000 Safety Code for Elevators and. Top of gripping surfaces of handrails shall be 34 inches (865 mm) minimum and 38 inches (965 mm) maximum vertically above walking surfaces, stair nosings, and ramp surfaces. ”. 1915. Slope between 30° and 50° from the horizontal. These requirements are usually also governed by their. OSHA requirements for rolling ladders fall under is OSHA 1910. 451 (b) (4) Each end of a platform, unless cleated or otherwise restrained by hooks or equivalent means, shall extend over the centerline of its support at least 6 inches (15 cm). The IBC commercial handrail code states that each stair is provided with a separate handrail or grabrail attached to the guardrail. In alterations, stairs between levels that are connected by an accessible route1926. The new codes require that the width of a staircase can be no less than 36”. 1052 (c) - Top rail and handrail requirements for stairrail systems under the construction standards. OR Handrail is not continuous for the full length of each stair flight. 121 (1) An employer must ensure that a walkway, runway or ramp. One stair rail system with handrail on each open side and one intermediate handrail located in. 17, 2017, must be at least 42 inches. A proposed rule announced by OSHA on May 20 would update certain handrail and stair rail system requirements for the agency’s general industry walking-working surfaces standard. 28(b)(11)(ii) states that a flight of stairs having at least 3 treads and at least 4 risers must be equipped with stair rail system. The IBC defines the various design requirements for handrails, providing clear and concise specifications. Handrail height, measured above stair tread nosings, or finish surface of ramp slope, shall be uniform, not less than 34 inches (864 mm) and not more than 38 inches (965 mm). 23 (a) (2): Every ladderway floor opening or platform shall be guarded by a standard railing with standard toeboard on all exposed sides (except at entrance to opening), with the passage through the railing either provided with a. An enclosed stair requires one or more handrails, but no stair rails. The top of handrails and handrail extensions shall not be placed less than 34” (864 mm) nor more than 38 inches (965 mm) above landings and the nosing of treads. Pursuant to §1910. The OSHA requirements for handrails include the following: Be able to. Handrails are required when there is a top step height of 4 feet or more and a railing needs to be 29. WIDTH ≥ 22” between railings. 1910. For Employers ; Worker Rights ; Workers Memorial ;. 5” Minimum tread depth of 9. (a) Stairways shall have handrails or stair railings on each side, and every stairway required to be more than 88 inches in width shall be provided with not less than one intermediate stair railing for each 88 inches of required. OSHA stairs requirements for alternating tread stairs General OSHA stair requirements 5 Compliant fall protection 2 3 Uniform riser heights and tread. 1910. OSHA Handrail Standards. The standards for fixed ladders in §1910. 1910. Different requirements for children show a maximum height of 28″ with a minimum clearance of 9″ between the adult rail and the childrens’ rail, which is only a recommendation and not a requirement. Also see GUARDRAIL CODES & STANDARDS for details about safety railings on landings and open hallways, porches, screened porches, balconies - horizontal walking surfaces. There are typically state administrative codes that will define certain requirements for handrails, stairs, landings, and such, in other instances ADA requirements could apply. Handrails must not project into the stairway more than 4 ½ inches—so with one handrail, the stairway can’t be less than 31 ½ inches wide, as measured at or below the rail, and with two handrails, the. §3214. 1052 (b) - OSHA does not have the legal authority to evaluate and certify products. Inside handrails on switchback or dogleg stairs must be continuous. A ladder or stairway must be provided when the worksite has a break in elevation of 19” (48cm) or more, and there is no runway, ramp, embankment, or personal hoist for workers’ access. Whether it be the stair, rails, or landing, follow along as we explore the new building codes for 2022. 5” H. This discussion serves as a quick and easy reference for use on job sites. 15220. 2. U. Industrial stairs: Closed // and open // riser stairs. HTML PDF: 296-24-74025: Ship stairs. Uniform angle of rise, riser height, and tread width; all within specified acceptable ranges. Handrails not shown for clarity. If I may be of any further assistance, please feel free to contact me. The top rail of the handrail must be a minimum of 42" [ref. Figure D-12 - Handrail Measurement (2) The height of stair rail systems meets the following: (a) The height of. 5") Hand Railing heights: U. OSHA requirements are set by statute, standards and regulations. Capable of withstanding force of at least 200# Must be smooth-surfaced;In addition to paragraph (b) of this section, the employer must ensure alternating tread-type stairs: ( 1) Have a series of treads installed at a slope of 50 to 70 degrees from the horizontal; ( 2) Have a distance between handrails of 17 to 24 inches (51 to 61 cm); ( 4) Have open risers if the tread depth is less than 9. 25(f) beneath: 1910. Contact OSHA . OSHA requirements are set by statute, standards, and regulations. Existing Table D–2 contains a. Tread width – 22” minimum. 8 Projections. What are the general OSHA requirements of toe board? According to OSHA 1910. OSHA is therefore proposing two separate provisions for stairs with two open sides and a width of less than 44 inches: The corrected requirements for new handrails and stair rail systems (located in Table D-2), and a separate provision to retain the current requirements for already existing handrails and stair rail systems. The top rail must be at least 42 inches in height (§1910. Handrail or guard infill components, balusters and panel fillers shall withstand a horizontally applied perpendicular load of 50 pounds on any one-foot-square area. Exception 2: Guardrails serving as handrails on the open side of a stair run shall not be less than 34 inches and not more than 38 inches in height. The minimum load capacity must be at least 100 pounds per square foot, with a minimum tread center concentrated load of at least 300 pounds. 3. Each stair must also be provided with a railing system. 29. November 2, 1995. Tread depth on stairs must be a minimum of 10”, not including the nosing. 25(c) Slope between 30° and 50° from the horizontal Maximum riser height of 9. Circular Cross Section and Clearance (§505. You express your belief that OSHA does not have such a requirement. Any change in elevation int walking surfaces greater than 9. 28(b)(5)(ii)(A). Stairs and ramps shall have handrails on both sides, unless otherwise permitted. " 29 CFR 1910. 29: 29 CFR 1910. OSHA catwalk width requirements. The IBC commercial handrail code states that each stair is provided with a separate handrail or grabrail attached to the guardrail. 1052(c)(6) and 1926. If the guard top rail is not used as a Handrail, it would not have graspability requirements. - 10/01/2012. 25″ with a maximum cross-section dimension of 2. 23 (a) (1) Used in emergency operations such as firefighting, rescue, and tactical law enforcement operations, or training for these operations; or. Though the terms guardrails and handrails are often used interchangeably, they are different structures both in use and requirements. OSHA is requesting updates to the handrail and stair rail system requirements for its general industry, Walking-Working Surfaces standard, according to a press release. General requirements. 5 inches for stands with a top height of 4 feet or more, 36 inches for stands with. 5. Stair Railing Height Requirements: 34 to 38 Inches Stair railing should be no less than 34 inches high and no more than 38 inches high. (g) When the top edge of a stair rail system also serves as a handrail, the height of the top edge must be not more than 37 inches (94 cm) nor less than 36 inches (91. Stairs. So going back to rfied112's orginal question. Phone: 952-442-7520. 1. The following requirements apply to all stairways as indicated: (1) Stairways having four or more risers or rising more than 30 inches (76 cm), whichever is less, shall be equipped with: (A) At least one handrail; and (B) A stair rail consisting of a top rail and mid-rail along each unprotected side or edge. 5" tread; Stair Width: minimum 22" Railings & Guardrail: railings required on open sides of stairwells and 42" high handrail on the side, preferably right. roof openings; stairs and guardrail/handrail systems . SCOPE AND APPLICATION The OSHA rules apply to all stairways and ladders used in construction, alteration, repair (including painting OSHA Stair rail requirements - stair railings may serve as handrails, and vice-versa. 4. c. Each stair must also be provided with a railing system. The agency notes in a press release that the proposed rule “does not reopen for discussion any of the regulatory decisions made in the 2016 rulemaking,” adding that it “focuses solely on clarifying some of the requirements for handrails and stair rail systems finalized in 2016, and on providing flexibility in the transition to OSHA’s newer requirements. [IBC 1011. 10. OSHA defines a ship stair in section 1910. 23(e)(5)(ii). OSHA catwalk width requirements. 2 m) or above, must have handrails with a vertical height of 29. For detailing the other components (stairs, railing, ladders, etc. 3. [39 FR 23502, June 27, 1974, as amended at 43 FR 49744, Oct. In construction the use of cables or chains to guard door and wall. 5″. The leading edge of exit stair landings shall be marked with a solid and continuous marking stripe consistent with the dimensional requirements for stair treads and shall be the same lengths, and consistent with, the stripes on the steps. This letter constitutes OSHA's interpretation only of the requirements. The height of a handrail above the floor or the nosing of a stair tread, shall be between 900mm and 1100mm. 75 inches each. 1 scope. OSHA Standards and Interpretation Letter: 06/16/1999 - Scaffolds: Lifelines, support lines, and suspension ropes cannot have a common anchor point. The requirements of OSHA safety regulations for the safe use of ladders and stairs (Subpart X, Title 29 Code of Federal Regulations, Part 1926. A single bar or pipe supported onOSHA believes that a uniform riser height within 1/4 inch (0. See §1910. 2. 25 inches (5. Dear Mr. 44 inches (1. (1) Stairs with four or more risers shall be provided with at least one handrail. 2 m) or more above a lower level is protected from falling by a personal fall arrest system. Safety signage can reinforce policies around stairs and steps, for example, no rushing or no mobile devices. The minimum run is nine inches. (c) Stair rails and handrails. The maximum riser height by an OSHA standard stair will 9. 5 cm) in height. 1 m) to 88 inches (2. See all powder-coated color options. Occupational Safety and Health Administration 200 Constitution Ave NW Washington, DC 20210 1-800-321-OSHA 1-800-321-6742. Railing height for guard rail. Reference definitions in 1910. (1) A stairway shall have a handrail on at least one side, and if 1 100 mm or more in width, shall have handrail s on both sides. 500, GUARDRAILS, HANDRAILS & GUARDS [PDF] Standard Number 1926. ADA Chapter 5 Section 505. Maximum 7-3/4 inch stair riser height. 36 inches. 2 Width and capacity. 5 cm) from the upper surface of the stair rail system to the surface of the tread, in line with the face of the riser at the forward edge of the tread. Handrails and the top rails of stairrail systems shall be capable of withstanding, without failure, a force of at. OSHA catwalk stair requirements. The requirements of OSHA safety regulations for the safe use of ladders and stairs (Subpart X, Title 29 Code of Federal Regulations, Part 1926. At a point less than 12’ in elevation, this spiral stair has a rest landing which is also an OSHA requirement. 1050-1060) deal mainly with when and where ladders or stairs are required. Our letters of interpretation do not create new or additional requirements, but rather explain these requirements and how they apply to particular circumstances. If the stairs are likely to be loaded in excess of the above requirements, refer to AS/NZS 1170. 502 (b) (3), (4), and (5). Section 18(b) of The Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970, P. To ensure your system performs well, be sure to space posts or cable stabilizers no more than 4 feet apart. OSHA stair width is generally a minimum of 22 inches. WASHINGTON, DC – The U. Stair railings and handrails shall be in-stalled in accordance with the provi-sions of §1910. The employer must ensure: ( 1) Handrails, stair rail systems, and guardrail systems are provided in accordance with § 1910. Quoting from the new text (note all is from the same section/page): The h. Clearance. All handrails and handrail extensions shall be marked with a solid andwith OSHA's requirements for the safe use of ladders and stairways could have prevented many of these injuries. A maximum rise of 7-3 / 4 ”- maximum difference among risers 3/8″. 23(e)(5). 25(b)(2) Vertical clearance above any stair tread to any overhead obstruction is at least 6 feet, 8 inches (203 cm), as measured from the leading edge of the tread. Note: For specific code requirements, contact the Building Inspection Department at 952-442-7520 or 888-446-1801 or e-mail: info@mnspect. . • The minimum clear width from the handrail height to the treads is 31 ½ inches for stairs with rails onOSHA Guidelines for Guardrails. The answer to your question is that 1910. S. Handrails are required for stairs in many applications and must meet standards as specified by R311. Minimum single stair railing distance. 2). 3 Stairways and Landings model code. The OSHA guidelines for warehouse guardrails are outlined in the articles which are a part of the Walking and Working Surfaces standards and Fall Protection Standards. OSHA requires that all ladders between 60 and 90 degrees be device-facing, so any ships ladder that is angled 60 degrees or steeper must be descended backing down. 851 (b) All stairs, passageways, ladders and incidental equipment thereto, which are covered by this section, shall be periodically inspected and maintained in a clean safe condition. Rule 2156. The OSHA catwalk width requirements are found in section 1910. OSHA fall protection requirements for general industry and construction are addressed in 29 CFR 1910. 3. 1050 (a) Scope and Application. We are going to look at five key IBC code requirements for handrails. The. Additionally, the height requirements for ADA handrails differ from those of an OSHA stair. Residential building code handrail requirements for stairs provide for handrails on at least one side of a flight of stairs with two or more risers. Section 1910. 2. Guardrails, stair rails, and handrails are common fall protection solutions.